Nottingham City Council logo

Nottingham Insight

Pharmaceutical needs assessment

Pharmaceutical Needs Assessment (2025-28)

Download the full report

Every Health and Wellbeing Board (HWB) has a statutory duty to carry out a Pharmaceutical Needs Assessment (PNA) every three years. The aim of the PNA is to enable local pharmacy service providers and commissioners to

  • Understand the pharmaceutical needs of the population
  • Gain a clearer picture of pharmaceutical services currently provided
  • Make appropriate decisions on applications for National Health Service (NHS) pharmacy contracts
  • Commission appropriate and accessible services from community pharmacies
  • Clearly identify and address any local gaps in pharmaceutical services
  • Target services to reduce health inequalities within local health communities

NHS pharmaceutical services are provided by contractors in the pharmaceutical list held by NHS England (NHSE). The types of providers are:

  • Community Pharmacy (CP) contractors, including Distance Selling Pharmacies (DSPs): Persons providing local pharmaceutical services from registered pharmacy premises in Nottingham City, neighbouring areas, and remote suppliers, including DSPs, who are required to offer services throughout England
  • Dispensing Appliance Contractors (DACs): DACs are required to provide a range of ‘Essential Services’ including advice on and home delivery of appliances, but they are unable to supply medicines
  • Local Pharmaceutical Service (LPS): Pharmacy providers contracted by the NHS to perform specified services to their local population or a specific population, outside the national framework
  • Dispensing Doctors: General Practitioners (GPs) who are allowed to dispense the medicines they prescribe for their patients

NHS pharmaceutical services refers to services commissioned through NHS England. Integrated Care Boards (ICBs) took on the delegated responsibility for the commissioning of pharmacy services from NHS England from 1 April 2023.

The three main categories, as identified in the Community Pharmacy Contractual Framework (CPCF) are as follows:

  • Essential Services: These are services that every community pharmacy providing NHS pharmaceutical services must provide and are set out in their terms of service. These include: the dispensing of medicines and appliances, disposal of unwanted medicines, clinical governance, and promotion of healthy lifestyles.
  • Advanced Services: These are services community pharmacy contractors and DACs can choose to provide, subject to accreditation as set out in the Secretary of State Directions
  • Enhanced Services: These are services commissioned by NHS England and introduced to assist the NHS in improving and delivering a better level of care in the community. Pharmacy contractors can choose to provide any of these services

However in the absence of a particular service being commissioned by NHS England, it is in some cases addressed by Locally Commissioned Services, funded by the local authority (Council) of the ICB. These are services community pharmacy contractors could choose to provide and are therefore included in the PNA.

Nottingham City’s health – overview

The overall health of Nottingham’s population is generally poorer than the national average in England, as seen in lower life expectancy and healthy life expectancy. Nottingham City faces health challenges, particularly in long-term conditions, sexual health, smoking, obesity, alcohol and drug use, respiratory diseases and immunisation uptake.

These health challenges present opportunities for the ICB and the local authority to maximise the benefits of national CPCF services and Locally Commissioned Services to improve patient outcomes.

Community Pharmacy Access

Since the last PNA, the number of community pharmacies has reduced from 64 in September 2022 to 59 in January 2025. In Nottingham City, there are 18.0 community pharmacies per 100,000 population which is slightly fewer than the England average of 18.1 community pharmacies per 100,000.

At the time of writing of the PNA, it was noted that community pharmacies on the border with Nottinghamshire County also provide access to further community pharmacy services for the residents across Nottingham.

Community pharmacies are well distributed across the eight localities, with most of Nottingham City’s residents being able to travel to a pharmacy within a reasonable time.

  • All of the population who are able can walk to a pharmacy within 30 minutes
  • All residents who have access to private transport can get to a pharmacy within 10 minutes by car
  • All residents who are able to travel via public transport can get to a pharmacy within 20 minutes

Conclusions

For the purposes of this PNA, Nottingham City HWB has agreed that Necessary Services are all Essential Services and the Pharmacy First Advanced Service. All other remaining Advanced and Enhanced Services apart from the Smoking Cessation Service are considered relevant as they contribute towards improvement in provision and access to pharmaceutical services.

Locally Commissioned Services are those that secure improvements or better access to, or that have contributed towards meeting the need for, pharmaceutical services in Nottingham City HWB area, and are commissioned by the ICB or the local authority, rather than NHSE.

There are 59 community pharmacies, all of which provide the Essential Services as per the current CPCF, and 95% provide Pharmacy First services, demonstrating very good access of the Necessary Services across Nottingham City.

This Nottingham City Pharmaceutical Needs Assessment 2025 concludes that there are no identified gaps in provision of NHS Necessary Services to meet current and future (next three years) needs of the population. This includes provision during working and non-working hours.

There are no gaps in the provision of Advanced and Enhanced Services at present or in the future (next three years) that would secure improvements or better access to services in Nottingham City.

Based on current information, no gaps have been identified in respect of securing improvements or better access to Locally Commissioned Services, either now or in the future (next three years) across Nottingham City to meet the needs of the population.

Although no gaps have been identified, there are opportunities to improve awareness and understanding of community pharmacy services within the population, and for targeted engagement and health promotion to help reduce health inequalities and optimise the use of the existing pharmacy network. Opportunities also exist to strengthen pharmacy services in Nottingham City in alignment with the proposed NHS 10 Year Health Plan and Change NHS initiative, focussing on prevention, long-term conditions, primary care access, medicines engagement, health inequalities and integrated care.